Exploring the Factors that Influence First-Year Students in Choosing Bachelor of Science in Occupational Therapy Program: A Qualitative Descriptive Study

The shortage of occupational therapists (OT) remains a healthcare workforce concern globally and in the Philippines. Although the country continues to produce OT graduates annually, the number of practitioners remains insufficient relative to the healthcare needs of the growing population. Addressing workforce shortage necessitates a deeper understanding of the factors that influence the pipeline of future occupational therapists. Recognizing that strengthening the workforce begins with understanding the grassroots and pathways that lead students into the OT profession, this qualitative descriptive study aimed to explore the supports, barriers, and needs influencing first-year students’ choice of the Bachelor of Science in Occupational Therapy (BSOT) program, and to understand the implications of these factors on prospective program selection practices. Semi-structured one-on-one interviews were conducted with eligible student participants. Data was analyzed using Reflexive Thematic Analysis with data triangulation to ensure qualitative rigor. Findings revealed 14 major themes aligned with the objectives of the study. Personal choice plays a central role in students’ decisions to pursue the program, though family influence remains a notable contributing factor. Inadequate recruitment strategies and the perceived difficulty of the program curriculum emerged as significant barriers. Accordingly, students emphasized the need for support systems, and improvements to existing recruitment systems and promotional efforts.