Human Interference on Ascension Island

Ascension Island, off the Mid-Atlantic Ridge, is young, isolated and had developed only a restricted range of flora and fauna before discovery in 1501 when degradation of its limited ecosystems began, following the introduction of goats and rats. Matters worsened after 1815 when the British annexed Ascension. Cats released to control rats instead preyed upon the abundant seabird population. Introduced species transformed the environment as the British attempted to 'beautify' and utilise their outpost for food production. During the Second World War the Americans built an airstrip, and later Ascension became a communications centre. Such activities have had further impact from shaving off the tops of cinder cones to make platforms for hardware to making some of the lava fields bristle with aerials. Further, Mexican thorn recently accidentally introduced, is colonising the lower areas of the island, transforming their characteristic barren appearance. However, goats have been eradicated, farming has ceased, and a programme to destroy feral cats brings new hope to the environment as Ascension looks to a future beyond its military role.