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Application of the TRAP-18 Framework to U.S. and Western European Lone Actor Terrorists

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  • Christine Shahan Brugh
  • Sarah L. Desmarais
  • Joseph Simons-Rudolph

Abstract

The purpose of this study is to examine the feasibility and relevance of the Terrorist Radicalization Assessment Protocol-18 (TRAP-18), an investigative framework to identify those at risk of lone actor terrorism. Using public information, we rated TRAP-18 items for 35 U.S. and 38 European jihadism-inspired lone actors (total N = 77). Results reveal challenges completing the TRAP-18 using public information: only four of 18 items (Pathway, Identification, Personal Grievance, Framed by Ideology) were rated present more often than absent or unknown. Findings suggest greater relevance of TRAP-18 items to U.S. lone actors, who had a higher average number of items rated present.

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Handle: RePEc:taf:uterxx:v:46:y:2023:i:2:p:183-208
DOI: 10.1080/1057610X.2020.1758372
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