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The new normal: The status quo of AI adoption in SMEs

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  • Julia Schwaeke
  • Anna Peters
  • Dominik K. Kanbach
  • Sascha Kraus
  • Paul Jones

Abstract

The recent surge in the adoption of artificial intelligence (AI) by small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) has garnered significant research attention. However, the existing literature reveals a fragmented landscape that hinders our understanding of how SMEs use AI. We address this through a systematic literature review wherein we analyze 106 peer-reviewed articles on AI adoption in SMEs and categorize states and trends into eight clusters: (1) compatibility, (2) infrastructure, (3) knowledge, (4) resources, (5) culture, (6) competition, (7) regulation, and (8) ecosystem: according to the technology–organization–environment model. Our research provides valuable insights and identifies significant gaps in existing literature, notably overlooking trends identification as a pivotal driver and neglecting legal requirements. Our study clarifies AI implementation within SMEs, offering a holistic and theoretically grounded perspective to empower researchers and practitioners to facilitate more effective adoption and application of AI within the SME sector.

Suggested Citation

  • Julia Schwaeke & Anna Peters & Dominik K. Kanbach & Sascha Kraus & Paul Jones, 2025. "The new normal: The status quo of AI adoption in SMEs," Journal of Small Business Management, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 63(3), pages 1297-1331, May.
    • Handle: RePEc:taf:ujbmxx:v:63:y:2025:i:3:p:1297-1331
    DOI: 10.1080/00472778.2024.2379999
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