Strategic Alignment and Its Antecedents: A Critical Analysis of Constructs and Relations in the International and Brazilian Literature

In this study, we conduct a review of the international and the Brazilian literature on business-IT strategic alignment and present a critical analysis of fundamental problems observed in the field. We argue that conceptual shortcomings, such as the lack of clarity in constitutive definitions of the alignment construct and the plethora of often overlapping antecedents discussed in the literature, restrain systematic knowledge development in the field. We propose a conceptual definition of business-IT strategic alignment, striving for clarity and parsimony, and highlight its distinction from the definition of operational alignment. The antecedents in the literature are further analyzed so as to formulate a synthetic conceptual model for the nomological network that links these constructs. We conclude the article stressing that additional theoretical and empirical endeavors regarding business-IT alignment are needed, emphasizing that such efforts should be conducted with greater attention to the issues discussed in this review.