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Sustainable transit network design considering photovoltaic-storage-charging depot

Author

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  • Yi Liu
  • Jinjing Zhang

Abstract

Photovoltaic-storage-charging (PVSC) infrastructure plays a decisive role in reducing carbon emissions of electric buses (EBs) charging. To integrate the transit network design problem with EBs and PVSC infrastructure, an optimization model is proposed to simultaneously optimize the bus route layouts, the frequencies and the sites and sizes of the PVSC depots, where both the total passenger travel cost and the daily total transit network operating cost are minimized. A multi-objective shuffled frog leaping algorithm embedded with a genetic algorithm is employed to solve the proposed model. A scenario of a city in China is analysed and discussed in a case study, indicating that the developed methodology is effective. The results show that the economic and environmental benefit will be increased considerably if the PVSC infrastructure is introduced in a public transit system. Moreover, the sensitivity analyses can provide optimization decision support for a sustainable future in public transit electrification.

Suggested Citation

  • Yi Liu & Jinjing Zhang, 2026. "Sustainable transit network design considering photovoltaic-storage-charging depot," Transportation Planning and Technology, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 49(4), pages 812-837, May.
    • Handle: RePEc:taf:transp:v:49:y:2026:i:4:p:812-837
    DOI: 10.1080/03081060.2025.2465552
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