Echo-character of the NW Iberian continental margin and the adjacent abyssal plains

The acoustic facies analyses have provided an important basis for sedimentary processes in the deep-sea environments. The echo-character mapping, through the interpretation and correlation of very high-resolution seismic profiles, is a very useful tool for the characterization of the recent sedimentary processes and their distribution. This work presents the first echo-character map at 1:800,000 scale of the Galicia Continental Margin and the adjacent abyssal plains elaborated by the Geological Survey of Spain. The map was carried out on the basis of the analysis and interpretation of the bathymetry and reflectivity data from the SIMRAD EM12, EM120 and EM1002 echosounders, and the high-resolution seismic profiles from the SIMRAD TOPAS PS18 parametric echosounder. On the basis of seafloor morphology, surface bedforms, backscatter and sub-bottom acoustic echo-characters, 26 echo-types were identified in the uppermost sedimentary sequence. These echo-types have been grouped into four main echoes: Distinct, Irregular, Hyperbolic and Undulated, according to their main acoustic characteristics. This information has been acquired in the framework of the ‘Scientific Research Program of the Economic Exclusive Zone of Spain’, which is coordinated and leaded by the Defense Ministry of Spain, during the oceanographic cruises carried out on board of the R/V Hesperides in 2001–2003 and 2006–2009.