Walking as spatial mobilities: a critical investigation of walkability in transportation planning studies

In previous years, substantial research has focused on walkability, primarily examining how the built environment affects walking behavior. However, these studies have predominantly defined walkability through physical and social factors, with limited exploration of its spatial dimension. This article seeks to address this gap by examining the spatiality of walkability through Lefebvre’s spatial triad. The study begins with a literature review that introduces the concept of walkability from both theoretical and empirical perspectives. Subsequently, the theoretical and practical dimensions of walkability are analyzed by conceptualizing space as a socially produced entity. This approach shifts the focus from identifying what makes a space walkable to understanding the processes involved in its production. By proposing a new interpretation of walkability, the study broadens the concept beyond physical and social dimensions to include perceived, conceived, and lived spaces. We suggest that incorporating the spatial dimension enhances both the theoretical framework and practical implementation of walkability, particularly within the field of transportation planning. Additionally, the article synthesizes and analyzes existing literature and planning practices to provide a deeper understanding of how walkable spaces are produced. It emphasizes the significance of the spatial dimension in walkability and suggests avenues for future research.