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The impacts of trade intensity with China on carbon emissions in belt and road countries

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  • Yan Wu
  • Chunlai Chen
  • Cong Hu

Abstract

This study uses country-level panel data covering 97 Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) countries for the period 2002–2017 and a dynamic panel system generalized method of moments model to investigate the impacts of trade intensity with China on per capita carbon emissions of BRI countries. The study finds that import intensity from China has reduced and export intensity to China has increased per capita carbon emissions of BRI countries. The findings are robust in using instrumental variables, explaining by energy intensity, and dividing the sample into different groups and different periods. Particularly, the absolute values of the coefficients of import intensity (-0.0071) and export intensity (0.0212) in resource-rich group are much higher than those in resource-poor group (-0.0046 and 0.0028), and the impacts are strengthened after 2013. Therefore, China should adjust trade relations with BRI countries to help them reduce carbon emissions while raising incomes under the context of BRI.

Suggested Citation

  • Yan Wu & Chunlai Chen & Cong Hu, 2023. "The impacts of trade intensity with China on carbon emissions in belt and road countries," Journal of the Asia Pacific Economy, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 28(2), pages 558-577, April.
    • Handle: RePEc:taf:rjapxx:v:28:y:2023:i:2:p:558-577
    DOI: 10.1080/13547860.2021.1924601
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    Cited by:

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    11. Gong, Zhenting & Chen, Yanbei & Zhang, He & Chen, Fan, 2024. "Tail risk connectedness in the Carbon-Finance nexus: Evidence from a quantile spillover approach in China," Finance Research Letters, Elsevier, vol. 67(PB).
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    13. Zhu, Qingyuan & Xu, Chengzhen & Lee, Chien-Chiang, 2024. "Trade-induced carbon-economic inequality within China: Measurement, sources, and determinants," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 136(C).
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    15. Zheng, Fang & Chen, Xue & Sun, Yun, 2025. "The influence of trade policy uncertainty on corporate innovation strategies," Finance Research Letters, Elsevier, vol. 75(C).
    16. Li, Yu & Yaacob, Mohd Hasimi & Xie, Tao, 2024. "Effects of China's low carbon pilot city policy on corporate green innovation: Considering the mediating role of public environmental concern," Finance Research Letters, Elsevier, vol. 65(C).
    17. Wan, Min & Wei, Dedai & Yu, Chenming, 2025. "Low-carbon pilot cities and financialization of listed companies: Inhibitory effects and policy analysis," Finance Research Letters, Elsevier, vol. 71(C).
    18. Wang, Juling & Liu, Lihua & Ou, Yangchao, 2024. "Low-carbon city pilot policy and corporate environmental violations: Evidence from heavily polluting firms in China," Finance Research Letters, Elsevier, vol. 65(C).
    19. Cai, Xiaotong & Yuan, Bo & Wu, Chao, 2025. "An integrated CEEMDAN and TCN-LSTM deep learning framework for forecasting," International Review of Financial Analysis, Elsevier, vol. 98(C).

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