Visualising energy technologies and environment nexus: re-examining the importance of technologies for emerging economies

Decarbonising the energy industry is an essential aim due to recent environmental disasters and the continued impacts of global warming. Energy technology (E.T.), research and development, and technical innovation are critical to successfully transitioning from fossil fuels to renewables. The current study investigates the role of E.T., renewable electricity output (R.E.T.), R&D expenditures (R.A.D.), technological innovation (T.E.I.) and gross domestic product (G.D.P.) in mitigating territorial-based carbon emissions (CO2) for the five leading emerging economies from 1991 to 2021. The movement quantile regression (M.M.Q.R.) approach demonstrates that E.T., R.A.D., R.E.T. and T.E.I. cut CO2 emissions, whereas G.D.P. increases emissions in targeted nations. E.T. is the fundamental driving force behind decarburisation and the move to greener energy generation and use. The findings are significant because the economies considered are anticipated to benefit from an energy transition to renewables enabled by energy efficiency and environmental technology breakthroughs. In the last section, the study provides relevant policy implications to enrich the literature on the importance of technology and its role in achieving carbon neutrality targets of emerging economies.