Resilience analysis of seaports: a critical review of development and research directions

Given the wide range of hazards or disruptive events, particularly those arising from climate change, that threaten the normal operations of seaports and the continuity of supply chains, the concept of resilience has emerged as a key approach, offering promising strategies to effectively withstand these hazards and recover successfully from their adverse effects. This study aims to investigate the existing body of research on resilience analysis of seaports, focusing on identifying their limitations and challenges, conducting detailed discussions and comparisons, and analyzing approaches, models, and techniques. To achieve this, a critical review of existing studies on seaport resilience analysis is conducted, alongside an examination of seaport network resilience as a complementary aspect. This study makes a significant contribution by identifying research gaps in seaport resilience and highlighting potential directions for future research. The findings of this review serve as a critical foundation for further investigation, offering valuable insights to both academic scholars and industry practitioners. Additionally, the review not only provides practical approaches for implementation but also offers essential references for managing disruptions at both the individual seaport and network levels. The final results indicate that seaport resilience analysis is still in its early stages, with substantial overlap between proposed frameworks and a high degree of conceptual similarity.