Crisis, culture, and connection: developing a relational resilience model for earthquake-affected communities (the case of the 2023 earthquakes in Türkiye)

Türkiye remains highly vulnerable to both natural and human-induced disasters. Despite the devastating impact of the earthquakes on February 6, 2023, no comprehensive sociological study has been conducted to assess the country’s level of societal disaster resilience. Therefore, the primary aim of this study is to develop a relational model of disaster resilience by examining the influence of socio-cultural indicators such as relationships, community bonds, institutional interactions, and cultural practices in the context of earthquakes in Türkiye. This research posits that resilience is not only a matter of physical infrastructure but is also deeply rooted in sociological dynamics such as identity, belonging, cultural memory, and social connections. The proposed model aims to explain how individuals interpret their disaster experiences, taking into account the broader historical, cultural, and societal processes that shape them. The study employs a qualitative research design, and in-depth face-to-face interviews were conducted with 114 local residents who directly experienced the disaster in Hatay and 8 representatives from public authorities. The involvement of researchers from Hatay, who also experienced the earthquake, strengthened the authenticity and reliability of the data collection process. The model developed through this research provides a crucial foundation for formulating public policies that enhance disaster resilience. By focusing socio- cultural indicators, the study highlights the importance of implementing inclusive and preventive strategies that minimize potential losses and enhance preparedness for future disasters.