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The Incidental Parameters Problem in Testing for Remaining Cross-Section Correlation

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  • Artūras Juodis
  • Simon Reese

Abstract

In this article, we consider the properties of the Pesaran CD test for cross-section correlation when applied to residuals obtained from panel data models with many estimated parameters. We show that the presence of period-specific parameters leads the CD test statistic to diverge as the time dimension of the sample grows. This result holds even if cross-section dependence is correctly accounted for and hence constitutes an example of the incidental parameters problem. The relevance of this problem is investigated for both the classical two-way fixed-effects estimator and the Common Correlated Effects estimator of Pesaran. We suggest a weighted CD test statistic which re-establishes standard normal inference under the null hypothesis. Given the widespread use of the CD test statistic to test for remaining cross-section correlation, our results have far reaching implications for empirical researchers.

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  • Artūras Juodis & Simon Reese, 2022. "The Incidental Parameters Problem in Testing for Remaining Cross-Section Correlation," Journal of Business & Economic Statistics, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 40(3), pages 1191-1203, June.
    • Handle: RePEc:taf:jnlbes:v:40:y:2022:i:3:p:1191-1203
    DOI: 10.1080/07350015.2021.1906687
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    8. Artūras Juodis & Simas Kučinskas, 2023. "Quantifying noise in survey expectations," Quantitative Economics, Econometric Society, vol. 14(2), pages 609-650, May.
    9. Luca Margaritella & Joakim Westerlund, 2023. "Using information criteria to select averages in CCE," The Econometrics Journal, Royal Economic Society, vol. 26(3), pages 405-421.
    10. Belderbos, René & Leten, Bart & Suzuki, Shinya, 2023. "International R&D and MNCs' innovation performance: An integrated approach," Journal of International Management, Elsevier, vol. 29(6).
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    14. Simon Smith & Allan Timmermann & Jonathan H. Wright, 2023. "Breaks in the Phillips Curve: Evidence from Panel Data," NBER Working Papers 31153, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
    15. Weiss, Amanda, 2024. "How Much Should We Trust Modern Difference-in-Differences Estimates?," OSF Preprints bqmws, Center for Open Science.
    16. Ryan H. Murphy & Colin O’Reilly, 2023. "Freedom through taxation: the effect of fiscal capacity on the rule of law," European Journal of Law and Economics, Springer, vol. 56(1), pages 69-90, August.
    17. Dierk Herzer, 2024. "The impact of domestic R&D and North–South R&D spillovers on energy intensity in developing countries," Economic Change and Restructuring, Springer, vol. 57(2), pages 1-31, April.
    18. Li, Zhiyuan & Patel, Nikunj & Liu, Jiayang & Kautish, Pradeep, 2023. "Natural resources-environmental sustainability-socio-economic drivers nexus: Insights from panel quantile regression analysis," Resources Policy, Elsevier, vol. 86(PB).
    19. Herzer, Dierk & Schmelmer, Niklas, 2023. "How do South-South and North-South FDI affect energy intensity in developing countries?," MPRA Paper 118179, University Library of Munich, Germany.

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