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Testing for causality between FDI and economic growth using heterogeneous panel data

Author

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  • Melisa Chanegriha
  • Chris Stewart
  • Christopher Tsoukis

Abstract

The causal relationship between FDI inflows and growth is of great policy interest, yet the state of concrete knowledge on the issue is rather poor. Our contribution is to investigate the causal relationship between the ratio of FDI to GDP (FDIG) and economic growth (GDPG) using a battery of cutting-edge methods and an extensive data set. We employ the heterogeneous-panel tests of the Granger non-causality hypothesis based on the works of Hurlin, C. 2004a. Testing Granger Causality in Heterogeneous Panel Data Models with Fixed Coefficients. Mimeo: University of Orléans, (Fisher, R. A. 1932. Statistical Methods for Research Workers. Edinburgh: Oliver & Boyd., Fisher, R. A. 1948. ‘Combining Independent Tests of Significance.’ American Statistician 2 (5): 30–31) and Hanck, C. 2013. ‘An intersection test for panel unit roots.’ Econometric Reviews 32 (2): 183–203. Our panel data set is compiled from 136 developed and developing countries over the 1970-2006 period. According to the Hurlin and Fisher tests, FDIG unambiguously Granger-causes GDPG for at least one country. However, the results from these tests are ambiguous regarding whether GDPG Granger-causes FDIG for at least one country. Using a test based upon Hanck, C. 2013. ‘An intersection test for panel unit roots.’ Econometric Reviews 32 (2): 183–203, both with and without one structural break in the vector autoregression, we are able to determine whether and for which countries there is Granger-causality. This test suggests that at most there are six countries (Estonia, Guyana, Poland, Switzerland, Tajikistan and Yemen) where FDIG Granger-causes GDPG and at most four countries (Dominican Republic, Gabon, Madagascar and Poland) where GDPG Granger-causes FDIG.

Suggested Citation

  • Melisa Chanegriha & Chris Stewart & Christopher Tsoukis, 2020. "Testing for causality between FDI and economic growth using heterogeneous panel data," The Journal of International Trade & Economic Development, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 29(5), pages 546-565, July.
    • Handle: RePEc:taf:jitecd:v:29:y:2020:i:5:p:546-565
    DOI: 10.1080/09638199.2019.1704843
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    3. Thomas Goda & Chris Stewart & Alejandro Torres García, 2016. "Absolute Income Inequality and Rising House Prices," Documentos de Trabajo de Valor Público 15247, Universidad EAFIT.
    4. N.M. Odhiambo, 2021. "Foreign Direct Investment and Economic Growth in Kenya: An Empirical Investigation," Working Papers AESRI-2021-04, African Economic and Social Research Institute (AESRI), revised Jan 2021.
    5. Nicholas M. Odhiambo, 2022. "Does Foreign Direct Investment Spur Economic Growth? New Empirical Evidence From Sub-Saharan African Countries," Economic Annals, Faculty of Economics and Business, University of Belgrade, vol. 67(233), pages 61-84, April – J.
    6. Tomiwa Sunday Adebayo & Kelvin Onyibor & Gbenga Daniel Akinsola, 2021. "The impact of major macroeconomic variables on foreign direct investment in Nigeria: evidence from a wavelet coherence technique," SN Business & Economics, Springer, vol. 1(1), pages 1-24, January.
    7. Nicholas M. Odhiambo, 2022. "Foreign Direct Investment and Economic Growth in Kenya: An Empirical Investigation," International Journal of Public Administration, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 45(8), pages 620-631, June.
    8. Ioannis Bournakis & Jen-Chung Mei, 2023. "Embodied and Disembodied Spillovers from FDI: Sectoral Evidence from Ireland," Journal of Industry, Competition and Trade, Springer, vol. 23(1), pages 59-80, June.
    9. Natalia I. Doré & Aurora A. C. Teixeira, 2023. "Empirical Literature on Economic Growth, 1991–2020: Uncovering Extant Gaps and Avenues for Future Research," Global Journal of Emerging Market Economies, Emerging Markets Forum, vol. 15(1), pages 7-37, January.

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    JEL classification:

    • C33 - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods - - Multiple or Simultaneous Equation Models; Multiple Variables - - - Models with Panel Data; Spatio-temporal Models
    • F21 - International Economics - - International Factor Movements and International Business - - - International Investment; Long-Term Capital Movements
    • F43 - International Economics - - Macroeconomic Aspects of International Trade and Finance - - - Economic Growth of Open Economies
    • N10 - Economic History - - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics; Industrial Structure; Growth; Fluctuations - - - General, International, or Comparative

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