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Effects of export product diversification on quality upgrading: an empirical study

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  • Muhlis Can
  • Giray Gozgor

Abstract

This paper empirically examines the effects of export product diversification on overall export quality in a panel data set of 115 countries from 1970 to 2010. It uses the data sets of the overall export quality and three export diversification measures of the International Monetary Fund: the extensive margin (variation in the number of new products exported), the intensive margin (variation in export values among existing exports), and the overall (Theil) index. It finds that export quality has only been increasing with a higher variation in export values among existing exports in low- and lower-middle-income countries. It also observes that export quality has been increasing with both a higher variation in export values among existing exports and new products exported in upper-middle- and high-income countries. The results are robust to the changing measures of controls in the benchmark model, the inclusion of many other controls; i.e. various measures of globalization, country size, factor endowments, macroeconomic stance, etc., and the exclusion of outliers.

Suggested Citation

  • Muhlis Can & Giray Gozgor, 2018. "Effects of export product diversification on quality upgrading: an empirical study," The Journal of International Trade & Economic Development, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 27(3), pages 293-313, April.
    • Handle: RePEc:taf:jitecd:v:27:y:2018:i:3:p:293-313
    DOI: 10.1080/09638199.2017.1370006
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    Cited by:

    1. Gnangnon, Sèna Kimm, 2023. "Has the Least developed countries' TRIPS Waiver Delivered on its Promise of Creating a Viable Technological Base?," EconStor Preprints 275666, ZBW - Leibniz Information Centre for Economics.
    2. Almas Heshmati & Christopher F. Parmeter & Robin C. Sickles, 2024. "Introduction to the special issue on African productivity," Journal of Productivity Analysis, Springer, vol. 61(3), pages 191-194, June.
    3. Gozgor, Giray & Paramati, Sudharshan Reddy, 2022. "Does energy diversification cause an economic slowdown? Evidence from a newly constructed energy diversification index," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 109(C).
    4. Lu, Zhou & Mahalik, Mantu Kumar & Mahalik, Hrushikesh & Zhao, Rui, 2022. "The moderating effects of democracy and technology adoption on the relationship between trade liberalisation and carbon emissions," Technological Forecasting and Social Change, Elsevier, vol. 180(C).
    5. Sèna Kimm Gnangnon, 2020. "Export product diversification and tax performance quality in developing countries," International Economics and Economic Policy, Springer, vol. 17(4), pages 849-876, October.
    6. Yuegang Song & Feng Hao & Xiazhen Hao & Giray Gozgor, 2021. "Economic Policy Uncertainty, Outward Foreign Direct Investments, and Green Total Factor Productivity: Evidence from Firm-Level Data in China," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(4), pages 1-16, February.
    7. Gnangnon, Sèna Kimm, 2020. "Tariff Volatility and Tariff Policy in Developed and Developing Countries," EconStor Preprints 223302, ZBW - Leibniz Information Centre for Economics.
    8. Haini, Hazwan & Wei Loon, Pang & Li Li, Pang, 2023. "Can export diversification promote export upgrading? Evidence from an oil-dependent economy," Resources Policy, Elsevier, vol. 80(C).
    9. Junguo Shi & Hubert Visas & Jabbar Ul-Haq & Shujaat Abbas & Sana Khanum, 2023. "Investigating the impact of export product diversification on environmental degradation: evidence from Chinese Provinces," Environment, Development and Sustainability: A Multidisciplinary Approach to the Theory and Practice of Sustainable Development, Springer, vol. 25(10), pages 11455-11486, October.
    10. Gnangnon, Sèna Kimm, 2023. "Export Product Quality and Inclusivity in Developing Countries," EconStor Preprints 274651, ZBW - Leibniz Information Centre for Economics.
    11. Hea‐Jung Hyun & Yong Joon Jang, 2022. "Technical regulation and trade: Export quality matters," The World Economy, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 45(5), pages 1447-1476, May.
    12. Hu, Guoheng & Can, Muhlis & Paramati, Sudharshan Reddy & Doğan, Buhari & Fang, Jianchun, 2020. "The effect of import product diversification on carbon emissions: New evidence for sustainable economic policies," Economic Analysis and Policy, Elsevier, vol. 65(C), pages 198-210.
    13. Sèna Kimm Gnangnon, 2024. "Export product quality and inclusivity in developing countries," Economics of Transition and Institutional Change, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 32(3), pages 807-843, July.
    14. Muhlis Can & Zahoor Ahmed & Mahmood Ahmad & Ihsan Oluc, 2024. "Economic progress in emerging countries: the roles of diversification of import and export products and energy consumption," Environment, Development and Sustainability: A Multidisciplinary Approach to the Theory and Practice of Sustainable Development, Springer, vol. 26(7), pages 18207-18229, July.
    15. Emad Kazemzadeh & José Alberto Fuinhas & Matheus Koengkan & Fariba Osmani, 2022. "The Heterogeneous Effect of Economic Complexity and Export Quality on the Ecological Footprint: A Two-Step Club Convergence and Panel Quantile Regression Approach," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(18), pages 1-24, September.
    16. Gnangnon, Sèna Kimm, 2024. "Effects of intellectual property rights protection on services export diversification in developing countries," KDI Journal of Economic Policy, Korea Development Institute (KDI), vol. 46(1), pages 53-89.
    17. Sena KIMM Gnangnon, 2020. "Export Product Diversification and Fiscal Space Volatility in Developing Countries: Exploring the Economic Growth Volatility Channel," Economics Bulletin, AccessEcon, vol. 40(3), pages 1837-1854.
    18. Song, Yuegang & Hao, Xiazhen & Zheng, Lei, 2022. "Intermediate import, independent innovation and export sophistication of Chinese manufacturing enterprises," Structural Change and Economic Dynamics, Elsevier, vol. 60(C), pages 126-140.

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