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Mapping the disaggregated economy in real-time: using granular payment network data to complement national accounts

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  • Kerstin Hötte

Abstract

In an era of rapid change, timely and disaggregated economic insights are crucial for effective policymaking. This study explores the potential of real-time payment data to complement traditional economic measurement. Using anonymised UK business payments from 2015 to 2023, we analysed inter-industry financial flows at a granular 5-digit SIC level and systematically compared them with established economic indicators, such as GDP and input-output tables (IOTs). Our findings show strong correlations with GDP and qualitative consistency with official IOTs, highlighting the value of the novel high-frequency data for real-time economic monitoring. We benchmarked network statistics at the 5-digit level, showing how industry-specific payment structures align with stylised facts from the empirical economic network literature. While outlining methodological and interpretative challenges, we discuss the integration of such bottom-up data into national accounts. This work contributes to ongoing efforts to advance economic measurement and offers tools for tracking economic dynamics in real time.

Suggested Citation

  • Kerstin Hötte, 2025. "Mapping the disaggregated economy in real-time: using granular payment network data to complement national accounts," Economic Systems Research, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 37(3), pages 427-454, July.
    • Handle: RePEc:taf:ecsysr:v:37:y:2025:i:3:p:427-454
    DOI: 10.1080/09535314.2025.2518944
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