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Preferences and willingness to pay for toilet facilities within Jirapa municipality: A choice experiment approach

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Listed:
  • Michael Ziekye
  • Raphael Edem Ayibor
  • Prince Boakye Frimpong
  • Elliot Boateng
  • Paul Owusu Takyi

Abstract

Ghana continues to struggle with universal sanitation, as 58.1% of households in Jirapa lack toilets, resulting in open defecation. This study assessed preferences, willingness to pay (WTP), and factors influencing toilet construction using a choice experiment. Data was collected from 228 respondents. A mixed logit model was used for estimation. The results showed positive utility for wooden doors, block walls, metal roofs, and wooden seats, but the disutility of concrete floors and higher costs discouraged respondents from choosing improved alternatives. Highest WTP was GH₵204.6 ($14.43) for roofs, lowest GH₵102.4 ($7.22) for walls, and – GH₵271.5 (-$19.15) for concrete floors. Comfort, privacy, and dignity shaped preferences. Recommendations include promoting preferred attributes, targeted financial support, awareness campaigns, and scaling up UNICEF’s Revolving Fund program.

Suggested Citation

  • Michael Ziekye & Raphael Edem Ayibor & Prince Boakye Frimpong & Elliot Boateng & Paul Owusu Takyi, 2026. "Preferences and willingness to pay for toilet facilities within Jirapa municipality: A choice experiment approach," Development Southern Africa, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 43(3), pages 401-426, May.
  • Handle: RePEc:taf:deveza:v:43:y:2026:i:3:p:401-426
    DOI: 10.1080/0376835X.2026.2673319
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