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People’s experience of urban transformation: eye-tracking architectural qualities of the post-industrial NDSM wharf in Amsterdam

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  • Gideon Spanjar
  • Frank Suurenbroek
  • Sába Schramkó
  • Regiena Stolp

Abstract

Urban densification continues unabated, even as the possible consequences for users’ eye-level experiences remain unknown. This study addresses these consequences. In a laboratory setting, images of the NDSM wharf were shown to university students primed for one of three user groups: residents, visitors and passers-by. Their visual experiences were recorded using eye-tracking and analyzed in combination with surveys on self-reported appreciation and restorativeness. On-site surveys were also administered among real users. The results reveal distinct eye-movement patterns that point to the influence of environmental roles and tasks and how architectural qualities steer people’s visual experience, valence and restoration.

Suggested Citation

  • Gideon Spanjar & Frank Suurenbroek & Sába Schramkó & Regiena Stolp, 2025. "People’s experience of urban transformation: eye-tracking architectural qualities of the post-industrial NDSM wharf in Amsterdam," Planning Practice & Research, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 40(3), pages 507-529, May.
    • Handle: RePEc:taf:cpprxx:v:40:y:2025:i:3:p:507-529
    DOI: 10.1080/02697459.2024.2404751
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