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Citizenship in neo‐patrilineal states: gender and mobility in Southern Africa

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  • A. P. Cheater
  • R. B. Gaidzanwa

Abstract

>Following independence, many states in Southern Africa have modified their rules of access to citizenship, moving from the territorial model of ius soli (applied during the (late) colonial period by and to white settlers) to the more exclusive, descent‐based model of ius sanguinis, in a specifically patrilineal mode which explicitly rejects bilateral principles. Newly‐independent states in Southern Africa have stressed patrilineality as the basis of their new citizenship, even where, in colonial if not precolonial times, descent systems were recorded as showing only a weak commitment to patrilineality (e.g. the Shona of Zimbabwe), or were unambiguously bilateral (the Lozi of Zambia) or even matrilineal (many Zambian and Malawian ‘tribal’ categories). Many authors have already analysed the legal disabilities that female citizens suffer in their ordinary lives as a result of this state‐defined identity bias. This paper looks at the situation of women who marry across, and those who on informal trade move extensively across, state boundaries, and their position in relation to the new patri‐biased citizenship rules.

Suggested Citation

  • A. P. Cheater & R. B. Gaidzanwa, 1996. "Citizenship in neo‐patrilineal states: gender and mobility in Southern Africa," Journal of Southern African Studies, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 22(2), pages 189-200.
  • Handle: RePEc:taf:cjssxx:v:22:y:1996:i:2:p:189-200
    DOI: 10.1080/03057079608708486
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    Cited by:

    1. Jocelyn Elmes & Morten Skovdal & Kundai Nhongo & Helen Ward & Catherine Campbell & Timothy B Hallett & Constance Nyamukapa & Peter J White & Simon Gregson, 2017. "A reconfiguration of the sex trade: How social and structural changes in eastern Zimbabwe left women involved in sex work and transactional sex more vulnerable," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 12(2), pages 1-22, February.
    2. Tsjeard Bouta & Georg Frerks & Ian Bannon, 2005. "Gender, Conflict, and Development," World Bank Publications - Books, The World Bank Group, number 14873, December.
    3. Lyn Ossome & Sirisha C. Naidu, 2021. "Does Land Still Matter? Gender and Land Reforms in Zimbabwe," Agrarian South: Journal of Political Economy, Centre for Agrarian Research and Education for South, vol. 10(2), pages 344-370, August.

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