Local adaptation policy responses to climate change: evidence from Gilgit Baltistan, Pakistan

Climate change poses devastating challenges, especially on local scales where localised evidence on adaptation is limited. Despite the vulnerability of remote mountainous regions to the impacts of climate change, there is limited research on how local communities are adapting to these climatic conditions. Therefore, this study examines the localised adaptation strategies for managing the risks associated with climate change using the case of Sherqilla, Gilgit Baltistan (GB), Pakistan. Our findings reveal that planned and autonomous local adaptations such as community-based flood early warning systems, protective infrastructure, relocation, and traditional land-use practices are practised in the study area. Additionally, local institutions, NGOs, academic institutions, and local media are identified as leading transformative agents to tackle climate change, raising awareness, spreading information, and advocating for climate action in the region. However, the results demonstrate that a lack of funds, resources, and coordinated efforts from the relevant organisations hinders the effective implementation of adaptation policies. The findings of the study contribute to the growing body of literature on climate resilience in high-altitude remote areas and offer valuable insights for building community-centred, context-specific adaptation policies. Strengthening institutional support and leveraging Indigenous knowledge can significantly enhance climate resilience in regions with limited state presence.