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The Gulf defence industry, at the cutting (h)edge of multi-level power strategies

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  • Emma Soubrier

Abstract

This article examines the defence industrialisation strategies of Saudi Arabia and the United Arab Emirates, traditionally amongst the world's largest arms importers, through a multi-scalar lens. It argues that their pursuit of local defence capabilities forms part of a broader power strategy – bolstering regime resilience, asserting regional autonomy, and repositioning globally in a multipolar world. The analysis explores how these ambitions are framed, what is at stake economically and politically, and what is achieved. By unpacking national, regional, and global dimensions, the paper highlights how defence industrialisation in the Gulf is both instrumental and symbolic. It identifies progress and persistent constraints, including skills gaps, foreign dependency, and shifting global dynamics. A comparative discussion of Israel and Turkey sharpens the examination of feasibility and divergence. The paper offers a grounded, critical understanding of how Gulf defence industries reflect and shape evolving power strategies, especially those related to autonomy and international status.

Suggested Citation

  • Emma Soubrier, 2025. "The Gulf defence industry, at the cutting (h)edge of multi-level power strategies," Defense & Security Analysis, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 41(4), pages 586-604, October.
  • Handle: RePEc:taf:cdanxx:v:41:y:2025:i:4:p:586-604
    DOI: 10.1080/14751798.2025.2548631
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