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Gender specific human capital and knowledge spillovers: a comparative analysis of the US and Brazil

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  • Nazmul Islam
  • Shuang Cao

Abstract

This paper explored the externalities of gender specific human capital and knowledge in each industrial sector and from business support services to other sectors in the economy. Also, we estimated the educational returns of different genders by employing data from the 2015 Brazilian PHAD and 2015 U.S CPS. We concluded that gender would be an influential factor when we consider the returns to education in both a developing economy and a developed economy, but when it comes to the externalities of human capital, gender does not have that much of an impact.

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  • Nazmul Islam & Shuang Cao, 2025. "Gender specific human capital and knowledge spillovers: a comparative analysis of the US and Brazil," Applied Economics, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 57(34), pages 5197-5213, July.
    • Handle: RePEc:taf:applec:v:57:y:2025:i:34:p:5197-5213
    DOI: 10.1080/00036846.2024.2364914
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