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Water Quality Index and Sanitary Inspection as Tools to Assess Water Quality in Supply Systems

Author

Listed:
  • André V. C. Ribeiro

    (National School of Public Health, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation)

  • Guilherme V. Oliveira

    (National School of Public Health, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation)

  • Maicon C. Machado

    (National School of Public Health, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation)

  • Paulo R. G. Barrocas

    (National School of Public Health, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation
    National School of Public Health, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation)

  • Jaime L. M. Oliveira

    (National School of Public Health, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation
    National School of Public Health, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation)

Abstract

One of the challenges in ensuring safe drinking water is to improve its quality from that of raw water (source) to the consumption points (tap). To achieve this, water management should use several tools that can guarantee the consumption of good quality water. This study assessed the safety of an alternative water supply system used by a military base (MB) located on an island off the coast of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. It was evaluated using two tools: water quality indices (Brazilian and Canadian indices) and a structured sanitary inspection. The highlight of this work was the combination of different approaches to assess the water quality of an alternative water supply used mainly by a MB. The quality of the water source was classified as “good” according to both indices. However, the water consumed was categorized as “bad” as per the Canadian Index. The sanitary inspection revealed weaknesses in the supply system, mainly in the quality of the pipes used and the lack of a water disinfection system. Therefore, the MB’s drinking water supply system was unsafe, posed a high level of risk and required urgent remedial action.

Suggested Citation

  • André V. C. Ribeiro & Guilherme V. Oliveira & Maicon C. Machado & Paulo R. G. Barrocas & Jaime L. M. Oliveira, 2025. "Water Quality Index and Sanitary Inspection as Tools to Assess Water Quality in Supply Systems," Water Resources Management: An International Journal, Published for the European Water Resources Association (EWRA), Springer;European Water Resources Association (EWRA), vol. 39(9), pages 4261-4275, July.
    • Handle: RePEc:spr:waterr:v:39:y:2025:i:9:d:10.1007_s11269-025-04111-y
    DOI: 10.1007/s11269-025-04111-y
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