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Global dimensions of human freedom: a two-decade analysis using fuzzy set theory and TOPSIS analysis

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  • Muhammed Benli

    (Bilecik Seyh Edebali University)

Abstract

This study employs fuzzy set theory, specifically integrating entropy weighting and Technique for Order of Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS) methodologies, to assess the human freedom performance across 121 nations from 2000 to 2020. Our objective is to ascertain the pivotal components underpinning human freedom. Through the fuzzy entropy weighting method, we discern that the “Size of Government” emerges as the paramount attribute impacting human freedom performance. Subsequent influential factors include religion, regulation, security and safety, and sound money. TOPSIS analysis spotlights the best performers in human freedom over the two-decade span, with Switzerland, New Zealand, Denmark, Finland, Sweden, Netherlands, United Kingdom, Ireland, Australia, and Norway leading the chart. Conversely, nations such as Zimbabwe, Burundi, Egypt, Congo (Rep.), Venezuela, China, Congo (Dem. Rep.), Iran, Myanmar, and Syria were on the opposite spectrum. This comprehensive evaluation offers vital insights into the elements influencing human freedom on a global scale.

Suggested Citation

  • Muhammed Benli, 2025. "Global dimensions of human freedom: a two-decade analysis using fuzzy set theory and TOPSIS analysis," Quality & Quantity: International Journal of Methodology, Springer, vol. 59(6), pages 5681-5707, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:spr:qualqt:v:59:y:2025:i:6:d:10.1007_s11135-025-02229-0
    DOI: 10.1007/s11135-025-02229-0
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