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Retraction Note: An architecture of agent-based multi-layer interactive e-learning and e-testing platform

Author

Listed:
  • Muhammad Arif

    (University of Malaya
    COMSATS Institute of Information Technology Islamabad)

  • Manzoor Illahi

    (COMSATS Institute of Information Technology Islamabad)

  • Ahmad Karim

    (University of Malaya)

  • Shahaboddin Shamshirband

    (University of Malaya
    Islamic Azad University (IAU))

  • Khubaib Amjad Alam

    (University of Malaya)

  • Shahid Farid

    (University of Malaya)

  • Salman Iqbal

    (University of Malaya)

  • Zolkepli Buang

    (Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka)

  • Valentina Emilia Balas

    (University of Arad)

Abstract

The Editor-in-Chief has retracted this article.

Suggested Citation

  • Muhammad Arif & Manzoor Illahi & Ahmad Karim & Shahaboddin Shamshirband & Khubaib Amjad Alam & Shahid Farid & Salman Iqbal & Zolkepli Buang & Valentina Emilia Balas, 2020. "Retraction Note: An architecture of agent-based multi-layer interactive e-learning and e-testing platform," Quality & Quantity: International Journal of Methodology, Springer, vol. 54(1), pages 189-190, February.
    • Handle: RePEc:spr:qualqt:v:54:y:2020:i:1:d:10.1007_s11135-019-00948-9
    DOI: 10.1007/s11135-019-00948-9
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