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The Mogangling giant landslide triggered by the 1786 Moxi M 7.75 earthquake, China

Author

Listed:
  • Bo Zhao

    (Chinese Academy of Sciences
    Chengdu University of Technology)

  • Yunsheng Wang

    (Chengdu University of Technology)

  • Junfeng Wu

    (Yiwu Industrial and Commercial College)

  • Lijun Su

    (Chinese Academy of Sciences
    CAS Center for Excellence in Tibetan Plateau Earth Sciences
    China-Pakistan Joint Research Center On Earth Sciences
    University of Chinese Academy of Sciences)

  • Jiangwei Liu

    (Chengdu University of Technology)

  • Gang Jin

    (Chengdu University of Technology)

Abstract

A good understanding of seismic giant landslides could provide favourable guidance for seismic stability evaluation of nearby slopes. Here, an excellent example of a catastrophic seismic landslide named the Mogangling giant landslide (MGL), located upstream along the Dadu River and triggered by the 1786 Moxi M 7.75 earthquake, is analysed for its deposit characteristics, failure mechanism and dammed lake. The MGL, with a volume of approximately 4500 × 104 m3, 450 m long and 1000 m wide, blocked the Dadu River completely and caused over 100 000 deaths when the landslide dam broke. The MGL occurred on the upper part of a narrow granite ridge; a potentially unstable wedge-shaped rock mass was separated from the remaining massif by unloading fissures and an active fault (Detuo fault) that just crossed the slope foot. The Moxi earthquake coupled with strong site amplification triggered the MGL, which blocked the Dadu River; the elevation of the dam crest was approximately 130 m higher than the present river level. The dammed lake had a volume of approximately 9.504 × 108 m3, an area of 19.91 km2 and a length of approximately 31 km; the peak flow of the outburst flood was larger than 7100 m3/s. After hundreds of years of concave bank erosion, the deposit is divided into the right bank deposit (main deposit) and left bank deposit (residual deposit).

Suggested Citation

  • Bo Zhao & Yunsheng Wang & Junfeng Wu & Lijun Su & Jiangwei Liu & Gang Jin, 2021. "The Mogangling giant landslide triggered by the 1786 Moxi M 7.75 earthquake, China," Natural Hazards: Journal of the International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, Springer;International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, vol. 106(1), pages 459-485, March.
    • Handle: RePEc:spr:nathaz:v:106:y:2021:i:1:d:10.1007_s11069-020-04471-1
    DOI: 10.1007/s11069-020-04471-1
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