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Explaining the Difference in Income Growth Among Post-Secondary Graduates: An Analysis of Indigenous and Non-Indigenous Early Career Income Growth in Canada

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  • Kevin Mongeon

    (University of Ottawa)

  • Janique Dubois

    (University of Ottawa)

Abstract

This study examines how differences in educational pathways, credential levels, and fields of study influence early-career income growth for Indigenous and non-Indigenous post-secondary graduates in Canada. Using confidential data from both the 2018 and 2023 National Graduates Surveys, we compare income at graduation and 3 years post-graduation to assess how observed characteristics shape earnings trajectories. Our findings reveal that although disparities in certification levels and field distributions help explain income growth differences, an unexplained income gap persists at graduation and 3 years later. We conclude that addressing these differences will require policy interventions that not only support access to advanced degrees and high-return fields but also recognize Indigenous worldviews and consider structural factors that shape economic outcomes.

Suggested Citation

  • Kevin Mongeon & Janique Dubois, 2025. "Explaining the Difference in Income Growth Among Post-Secondary Graduates: An Analysis of Indigenous and Non-Indigenous Early Career Income Growth in Canada," Journal of Economics, Race, and Policy, Springer, vol. 8(3), pages 278-294, September.
    • Handle: RePEc:spr:joerap:v:8:y:2025:i:3:d:10.1007_s41996-024-00166-y
    DOI: 10.1007/s41996-024-00166-y
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