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Spurious relationships for energy patents using various dependency measures: the case of G7 countries

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  • Nikolaos Agiakloglou

    (University of Piraeus)

  • Nikolaos Georgopoulos

    (University of Piraeus)

Abstract

The aim of this study is to investigate the performance of various dependency measures, including Copulas, for moderate time series sizes, in correctly identifying relationships between energy patents and other technological, environmental, energy and macroeconomic variables for the G7 countries. The results show spurious relationships in the values of the variables, while in first differences a uniform behavior for all countries was detected for the relationships of energy patents with only a few variables. Most importantly, Copulas performed very well for this moderate sample size, following to some extent the behavior of the correlation coefficient, although their magnitude is difficult to interpret.

Suggested Citation

  • Nikolaos Agiakloglou & Nikolaos Georgopoulos, 2025. "Spurious relationships for energy patents using various dependency measures: the case of G7 countries," Journal of Economics and Finance, Springer;Academy of Economics and Finance, vol. 49(4), pages 942-962, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:spr:jecfin:v:49:y:2025:i:4:d:10.1007_s12197-025-09730-0
    DOI: 10.1007/s12197-025-09730-0
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    JEL classification:

    • C22 - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods - - Single Equation Models; Single Variables - - - Time-Series Models; Dynamic Quantile Regressions; Dynamic Treatment Effect Models; Diffusion Processes
    • Q20 - Agricultural and Natural Resource Economics; Environmental and Ecological Economics - - Renewable Resources and Conservation - - - General
    • Q43 - Agricultural and Natural Resource Economics; Environmental and Ecological Economics - - Energy - - - Energy and the Macroeconomy
    • Q50 - Agricultural and Natural Resource Economics; Environmental and Ecological Economics - - Environmental Economics - - - General
    • Q55 - Agricultural and Natural Resource Economics; Environmental and Ecological Economics - - Environmental Economics - - - Environmental Economics: Technological Innovation

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