Tailoring dipole effects for achieving thermal and electrical invisibility simultaneously

With the increasing requirement of metamaterials, integration and intellectualization have become the trends in order to enhance the manipulation efficiency of physical fields. Therefore, multiphysical functions and metamaterials have been proposed intensively. Meanwhile, the higher requirement of materials and structures is also put forward. In this work, by applying a shell and a dipole as two controllable conditions, multiphysical (say, thermal and electrical) invisibility can be obtained simultaneously with only common materials and simple structures. We explore the dipole effects in a core-shell structure and derive the requirements of the shell and dipole in both two and three dimensions, even considering the shells with material anisotropy. Finite-element simulations are consistent with theoretical analyses, confirming the feasibility of our scheme. These results may not only provide guidance to thermal and electrical management, but also benefit other physical fields such as electrostatics and magnetostatics. Graphical abstract