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Fractionation of Cd, Cr, Pb and Ni in roadside soils of Uyo, Niger Delta Region: Nigeria using the optimized BCR sequential extraction technique

Author

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  • I. U. Umoren

    (University of Uyo)

  • I. I. Udousoro

    (University of Uyo)

Abstract

The optimized BCR sequential extraction procedure was applied to nine roadside soil samples for the determination of Cd, Cr, Pb and Ni. The extractable metals were isolated into three operationally defined fractions viz: acid extractable, reducible and oxidizable. The residue was treated with aqua regia solution. Metal analysis was done using flame atomic absorption spectrophotometry with air–acetylene flame. Results obtained showed the concentrations of the metals as relative abundance in the mobile phases of the samples (based on the sum of the first three fractions) are in the following order: Cd(91.9) > Pb(82.8) > Ni(49.5) > Cr(39.0). The most non-mobilizable metals were Cr and Ni which are generally lithogenic, associated with the silicate matrix, and the order is as follows: Cr(61.0) > Ni(50.5) > Pb(17.2) > Cd(8.1). The recovery of all the metals expressed as the ratio of total metal concentration to fractional sum of the optimized BCR sequential extraction procedure was of the order: Cr(95.6) > Pb(95.0) > Ni(94.8) > Cd(92.4).

Suggested Citation

  • I. U. Umoren & I. I. Udousoro, 2009. "Fractionation of Cd, Cr, Pb and Ni in roadside soils of Uyo, Niger Delta Region: Nigeria using the optimized BCR sequential extraction technique," Environment Systems and Decisions, Springer, vol. 29(3), pages 280-286, September.
    • Handle: RePEc:spr:envsyd:v:29:y:2009:i:3:d:10.1007_s10669-008-9193-1
    DOI: 10.1007/s10669-008-9193-1
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. I. U. Umoren & A. P. Udoh & I. I. Udousoro, 2007. "Concentration and chemical speciation for the determination of Cu, Zn, Ni, Pb and Cd from refuse dump soils using the optimized BCR sequential extraction procedure," Environment Systems and Decisions, Springer, vol. 27(2), pages 241-252, June.
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