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Utilization of phyto-based material for preservation of raw skin: A less salt and cleaner bio-intervention

Author

Listed:
  • Sivaranjani Venugopal

    (CSIR-Central Leather Research Institute)

  • Yasmin Khambhaty

    (CSIR-Central Leather Research Institute
    CSIR-Central Leather Research Institute)

  • Javid Mohamed Abu

    (CSIR-Central Leather Research Institute)

  • Suganya Chandrasekaran

    (CSIR-Central Leather Research Institute)

Abstract

The wet salting method, traditionally used for preservation of raw hides/skins, employs approximately 40–50% of sodium chloride (NaCl) on its weight. This is eventually discharged in wastewater during soaking process contributing ~ 70% of Total Dissolved Solids (TDS) from leather manufacturing. Keeping in view the rising environmental concerns, bio-intervention for preservation is sought. In the light of this, an attempt was made to use the aqueous extract of Azadirachta indica (Neem) leaves in combination with minimal amount of NaCl for preservation of raw Goat skin. The phytochemical analysis of the extract revealed the occurrence of alkaloids, steroids, flavonoids, tannins, saponins and glycosides. Further analysis by Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (GCMS) reported various bioactive compounds which justified the antimicrobial properties of the extract. The curing efficacy was confirmed by monitoring the preserved skin for parameters like moisture content, bacterial load and hydroxyproline release. After preservation, the soak liquor was analysed for pollution parameters which revealed significant decrease in TDS and skin was further subjected to leather making whereby the physical strength properties of leather showed equivalent or even better properties than conventionally preserved skin. This study paves way for a cleaner and sustainable route for preservation of raw Goat skin for reasonable time duration employing eco-friendly bio-intervention. Graphical abstract

Suggested Citation

  • Sivaranjani Venugopal & Yasmin Khambhaty & Javid Mohamed Abu & Suganya Chandrasekaran, 2024. "Utilization of phyto-based material for preservation of raw skin: A less salt and cleaner bio-intervention," Environment, Development and Sustainability: A Multidisciplinary Approach to the Theory and Practice of Sustainable Development, Springer, vol. 26(3), pages 7529-7546, March.
    • Handle: RePEc:spr:endesu:v:26:y:2024:i:3:d:10.1007_s10668-023-03020-7
    DOI: 10.1007/s10668-023-03020-7
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