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Blockchain in trade finance: reducing fraud and improving efficiency through digital ledger technology

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  • Pristly Turjo Mazumder

    (Georgia State University)

Abstract

Blockchain technology holds significant potential for the trade finance sector by streamlining operations and mitigating fraud through decentralized, automated, and tamper-resistant systems. It can reduce processing times and operational costs while enhancing transparency and reliability of transactions. Key features, such as smart contracts, immutable ledgers, and encrypted records, help address vulnerabilities including double financing, document forgery, and trade-based money laundering. This study consolidates findings from diverse real-world implementations and supports them with simulation-based analysis, providing quantitative evidence of efficiency and cost improvements. A simulation comparing 200 traditional and blockchain-based transactions shows a reduction in processing time from 8.4 to 0.2 days and a cost drop from $1209 to $82 per transaction. While these results highlight blockchain’s promise as a practical tool for modernizing trade finance, challenges remain in terms of scalability, data integrity (“garbage-in, garbage-out”), and regulatory harmonization. These limitations underscore the importance of contextual implementation and cross-border policy frameworks, such as Singapore’s Project Ubin and the EU’s digital trade initiatives in shaping blockchain’s future impact.

Suggested Citation

  • Pristly Turjo Mazumder, 2025. "Blockchain in trade finance: reducing fraud and improving efficiency through digital ledger technology," Digital Finance, Springer, vol. 7(4), pages 1043-1063, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:spr:digfin:v:7:y:2025:i:4:d:10.1007_s42521-025-00157-0
    DOI: 10.1007/s42521-025-00157-0
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    JEL classification:

    • G21 - Financial Economics - - Financial Institutions and Services - - - Banks; Other Depository Institutions; Micro Finance Institutions; Mortgages
    • F10 - International Economics - - Trade - - - General
    • F13 - International Economics - - Trade - - - Trade Policy; International Trade Organizations
    • G28 - Financial Economics - - Financial Institutions and Services - - - Government Policy and Regulation
    • O33 - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth - - Innovation; Research and Development; Technological Change; Intellectual Property Rights - - - Technological Change: Choices and Consequences; Diffusion Processes

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