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A Review of Electric arc Furnace Dust (EAFD) Reuse and Recycle Methods (Waste from Steel Smelting and Casting Factories)

Author

Listed:
  • Zahra Khebri

    (University of Tehran
    Yazd University)

  • Zahra Razavi

    (Isfahan University of Technology)

  • Fatemeh Sadeghian

    (Yazd University)

  • Fahimeh Faqhihi

    (Yazd University)

  • Negin Ahmadian

    (Yazd University)

Abstract

Electric arc furnace dust (EAFD) is a hazardous waste in steelmaking, so its disposal using the traditional waste burial method threatens the environment. In the present review, various management methods of EAFD especially the novel and environmentally friendly methods were studied to evaluate the environmental and economic benefits of EAFD use in Iran. Overall, the reuse of EAFD was categorized into several sections: recovery of valuable elements such as zinc, lead and iron, use as adsorbent material for the removal of organic and inorganic pollutants, soil stabilization, biodiesel production, the preparation of products such as pellet, briquette, glass and construction materials, etc. Given challenges in obtaining some valuable metals from nature, high costs associated with raw material preparation needed by the industry, pollution resulting from the emission of greenhouse gases in the construction industry, and the removal of environmental pollutants, utilizing alternative materials like EAFD is crucial. In this study, the strategies for EAFD management in the steel industry in Iran and similar countries were proposed. These approaches not only prevent the hazards associated with EAFD but also reduce pollution in other sectors and offer significant economic benefits. Graphical Abstract

Suggested Citation

  • Zahra Khebri & Zahra Razavi & Fatemeh Sadeghian & Fahimeh Faqhihi & Negin Ahmadian, 2025. "A Review of Electric arc Furnace Dust (EAFD) Reuse and Recycle Methods (Waste from Steel Smelting and Casting Factories)," Circular Economy and Sustainability, Springer, vol. 5(4), pages 3623-3644, August.
    • Handle: RePEc:spr:circec:v:5:y:2025:i:4:d:10.1007_s43615-025-00543-1
    DOI: 10.1007/s43615-025-00543-1
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Huaiwei, Zhang & Xin, Hong, 2011. "An overview for the utilization of wastes from stainless steel industries," Resources, Conservation & Recycling, Elsevier, vol. 55(8), pages 745-754.
    2. Dian Subekti Rahayu & Yuni Kusumastuti & Widi Astuti & Siti Nurul Aisyiyah Jenie & Himawan Tri Bayu Murti Petrus, 2024. "Recycling of Electric Arc Furnace Dust Waste as a Precursor in Pharmaceutical Grade Zinc Oxide Synthesis," Circular Economy and Sustainability, Springer, vol. 4(1), pages 489-501, March.
    3. Alsheyab, Mohammad A.T. & Khedaywi, Taisir S., 2013. "Effect of electric arc furnace dust (EAFD) on properties of asphalt cement mixture," Resources, Conservation & Recycling, Elsevier, vol. 70(C), pages 38-43.
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