A viable relief supply chain network design by considering risk and robustness for disaster and crisis management

The research proposes a new Viable Relief Supply Chain Network Design method incorporating Risk and Robustness (VRSCNDRR). Robust Stochastic Optimization (RSO), Conditional Value at Risk (CVaR) and maximum function are applied to the cost function as economic and budget constraints. The primary goal of the objective function is to minimize the deviation in the rate of satisfying demand and supply time of commodities for the Disaster Zone (DZ). In addition, CO2 emissions and energy consumption are proposed as sustainability requirements. This research involves several parties, including overseas and inland suppliers supplying the primary components and Distribution Centres (DCs), Health Centres (HCs), and DZs that prepare commodities for people in crisis. The analysis shows that focusing on viability can increase costs by up to 11.32%, deviation from supply demand and time by up to 46.88%, and decrease CO2 emissions and energy consumption by up to 19.25% and 11.95%. Applying viability, risk, and robustness has a 6.75% effect on overall performance. Due to budget constraints, increasing the conservatism coefficient and sustainability requirements can negatively affect supplying demand and energy consumption, but not cost. The agility rate between 60 and 80% affects supplying demand and time, while facility availability fluctuates between 80 and 100%. The primary problem's magnitude is altered, with higher calculation times and exponential models associated with these results.