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Understanding the Impact of Cross-Border Migration on Children’s Well-Being in Mainland China and Hong Kong

Author

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  • Qiaobing Wu

    (The Hong Kong Polytechnic University)

  • Hui Qiu

    (The Hong Kong Polytechnic University)

Abstract

The colonial history of Hong Kong and its evolving immigration policies have shaped a unique composition of school-aged children from diverse residential and educational backgrounds. This study identified four types of students involved in the context of cross-border migration and examined the impacts of migration status, residential location, school location, and migration strategy on a wide set of indicators of children’s well-being. Based on a cross-sectional survey in mainland China and Hong Kong, a sample of 2,610 students was included in the analysis, including 348 New Immigrant Students (NIS), 445 Cross-border Students (CBS), 1,387 Hong Kong Local Students (HKLS), and 430 Hong-Kong born students in mainland China (HKMS). 25 indicators from 5 dimensions (physical health, mental health, resilience, educational outcomes, and interpersonal relationships) were selected to measure children’s well-being. Results of propensity score matching methods showed that NIS significantly outperformed HKLS, especially in indicators of mental health, resilience, educational outcomes, and interpersonal relationships; CBS and HKLS fared similarly across almost all well-being indicators; school location and family migration strategy brought both benefits and harms to children’s well-being. Findings of this study revealed that cross-border migration was complicated and its impact on children’s well-being was multi-faceted. This study contributed to the literature by providing a complete and comprehensive picture of the consequences of cross-border migration.

Suggested Citation

  • Qiaobing Wu & Hui Qiu, 2025. "Understanding the Impact of Cross-Border Migration on Children’s Well-Being in Mainland China and Hong Kong," Applied Research in Quality of Life, Springer;International Society for Quality-of-Life Studies, vol. 20(4), pages 1535-1557, August.
    • Handle: RePEc:spr:ariqol:v:20:y:2025:i:4:d:10.1007_s11482-025-10481-7
    DOI: 10.1007/s11482-025-10481-7
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