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Synergy level measurement and optimization models for the supply-transmission-demand-storage system for renewable energy

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  • Shiwei Yu

    (China University of Geosciences, Center for Energy Environmental Management and Decision-Making
    China University of Geosciences, School of Economics and Management)

  • Limin You

    (China University of Geosciences, Center for Energy Environmental Management and Decision-Making
    China University of Geosciences, School of Economics and Management)

  • Shuangshuang Zhou

    (China University of Geosciences, Center for Energy Environmental Management and Decision-Making
    China University of Geosciences, School of Economics and Management)

  • Juan Yang

    (China University of Geosciences, Center for Energy Environmental Management and Decision-Making
    China University of Geosciences, School of Economics and Management)

Abstract

The orderly synergy of the four sub-systems of renewable energy that is, supply, transmission, demand, and energy storage is key to restricting its efficient development and utilization. Our study develops a measurement model to synergize the "supply-transmission-demand-storage" system. Additionally, to maximize the synergy level of the entire system and minimize the total cost, it proposes a multi-objective optimization model, improving the synergy level of China’s renewable energy sub-systems. The results show that: (1) The integrated measurement and multi-objective optimization models can solve the problems of the synergy among "supply-transmission-demand-storage" and improve optimization. (2) From 2009 to 2020, only 8.33% of the years in the system were at a good synergy level. However, after optimization, the average synergy level in 2021–2040 can increase by 10.31% and 10.56%, respectively, compared with historical years and business-as-usual scenarios. (3) In 2030, nuclear and renewable power will replace coal-fired power, becoming the primary source for China's electricity consumption. In 2040, the proportion of renewable energy power generation will reach 51.51%. (4) From 2021 to 2040, the growth rate of the average annual energy storage installed capacity will be high at 15.82%, while that of inter-provincial transmission power will slow down to only 2.15%.

Suggested Citation

  • Shiwei Yu & Limin You & Shuangshuang Zhou & Juan Yang, 2025. "Synergy level measurement and optimization models for the supply-transmission-demand-storage system for renewable energy," Annals of Operations Research, Springer, vol. 355(1), pages 461-497, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:spr:annopr:v:355:y:2025:i:1:d:10.1007_s10479-024-05922-9
    DOI: 10.1007/s10479-024-05922-9
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