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Volatilidad de los rendimientos de los sectores bursátiles mexicanos durante las crisis ocurridas entre 1998 y 2021 / Volatility of the Returns of the Mexican Stock Market Sectors during the Crises that Ocurred between 1998 and 2021

Author

Listed:
  • Vite de la Cruz, Jovita

    (Programa del Doctorado en Ciencias de la Administración de la Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México, México)

  • López-Herrera, Francisco

    (División de Investigación, Facultad de Contaduría y Administración, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México, México)

  • Morales Castro, José Antonio

    (Sección de Posgrado e Investigación, Escuela Superior de Comercio y Administración, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Ciudad de México, México)

Abstract

Para entender el riesgo bursátil durante las crisis financieras internacionales de 1998 a 2021, se analizó la volatilidad variante de los siete índices sectoriales de la Bolsa Mexicana de Valores de 1998 a 2021 mediante el modelo de heteroscedasticidad condicional auto regresiva asimétrica (GJR-GARCH). Los resultados fueron acordes con las hipótesis de trabajo pues se encontró que las principales crisis internacionales tuvieron efectos diferenciados. En la crisis rusa de 1998 el sector industrial tuvo el mayor riesgo; en las crisis latinoamericanas de 2000 a 2002 y la dot-com, los sectores de salud, servicios financieros y telecomunicaciones presentaron los mayores niveles de desviación estándar; de 2004 a 2008 cinco sectores mostraron alta volatilidad, sobresaliendo el sector industrial y durante la reciente crisis de COVID-19 los sectores más riesgosos fueron el industrial, materiales, servicios financieros y telecomunicaciones. El riesgo de todos los índices sectoriales durante la crisis de salud de 2020 ha sido de menor cuantía en comparación con el riesgo que tuvieron durante las crisis de 2008. En lo general, los resultados de esta investigación pueden ser útiles para la diversificación de portafolios de inversión y, de manera más general, para diseñar estrategias de administración de riesgos de esas inversiones. De manera particular sugieren que las crisis mundiales no siempre tienen efectos iguales y que no sólo su origen, sino su naturaleza específica debe formar parte de la agenda de investigación. / To understand the stock market risk during the international financial crises from 1998 to 2021, we analyzed the variant volatility of the seven sectoral indexes of the Mexican Stock Exchange from 1998 to 2021 by means of the asymmetric conditional heteroscedasticity model (GJR-GARCH). The results were consistent with our hypothesis since it was found that the main international crises had differential effects. During the Russian crisis of 1998, the industrial sector presented the highest risk; in the course of Latin American crises of 2000 to 2002 and the dot-com, the health, financial services and telecommunications sectors presented the highest levels of standard deviation; from 2004 to 2008 five sectors showed high volatility, with the industrial sector standing out; and during the recent COVID-19 crisis the riskiest sectors were industrials, materials, financial services and telecommunications. The risk of all sector indices during the 2020 health crisis has been lower compared to their risk during the 2008 crises. In a general vein, the results of this research may be useful for diversification of investment portfolios and, more generally, for designing risk management strategies for these investments. In particular, they suggest that global crises do not always have the same effects and that not only their origin, but their specific nature should be part of the research agenda.

Suggested Citation

  • Vite de la Cruz, Jovita & López-Herrera, Francisco & Morales Castro, José Antonio, 2021. "Volatilidad de los rendimientos de los sectores bursátiles mexicanos durante las crisis ocurridas entre 1998 y 2021 / Volatility of the Returns of the Mexican Stock Market Sectors during the Crises th," Estocástica: finanzas y riesgo, Departamento de Administración de la Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana Unidad Azcapotzalco, vol. 11(2), pages 209-234, julio-dic.
  • Handle: RePEc:sfr:efruam:v:11:y:2021:i:2:p:209-234
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    Keywords

    Bolsa Mexicana de Valores; riesgo; sectores económicos; volatilidad variante; GJR-GARCH / Mexican Stock Exchange; risk; economic sectors; time-varying volatility; GJR-GARCH;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • F36 - International Economics - - International Finance - - - Financial Aspects of Economic Integration
    • F65 - International Economics - - Economic Impacts of Globalization - - - Finance
    • G01 - Financial Economics - - General - - - Financial Crises
    • G11 - Financial Economics - - General Financial Markets - - - Portfolio Choice; Investment Decisions

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