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Del Brain Drain Al Brain Gain: Expatriación, Emigración Y Competitividad Empresarial

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  • María BASTIDA DOMÍNGUEZ

Abstract

En este trabajo planteamos el valor de los Recursos Humanos Internacionales como fuente potencial de ventaja competitiva para las organizaciones. Sobre la base de un estudio realizado entre 150 expatriados españoles, analizamos sus principales resultados. Comprobamos si el tiempo introduce diferencias significativas en dichos resultados, y también si son efectivamente medidos por las organizaciones. Además, a partir de una encuesta de 330 expatriados auto-iniciados sugerimos que quienes abandonan voluntariamente nuestro país en busca de oportunidades profesionales obtienen el mismo tipo de logros. Los datos de nuestro estudio confirman que las personas que se encuentran en puestos en el extranjero perciben la adquisición de habilidades internacionales y la mejora de competencias profesionales, que pueden determinar el diferencial competitivo para sus organizaciones. Asimismo, quienes se encuentran en el extranjero buscando una oportunidad laboral o desarrollo profesional obtienen idénticos resultados, lo que sugiere que existe una bolsa de profesionales altamente cualificados con talento disperso que podrían significar para las empresas la mejora de posibilidades de expansión internacional, y para el país la inversión de fuga de talento que, a largo plazo, puede derivar en descapitalización. El tiempo mejora los resultados en ambos casos. This paper analyzes the role of International Human Resources as a potential source of competitive advantage for organizations. On the basis of a survey among 150 Spanish expatriates, the main perceived results from allocations are identified. It is also explored if time on assignment introduces significant differences on these results, and if they are actually measured by organizations. Moreover, from a survey of 330 self-initiated expatriates it is proposed that those who leave the country looking for opportunities or career development accomplish same kind of achievement. Data from our study confirm that people who are in positions abroad perceive the acquisition of international skills and managerial competences that can enhance competitive advantages for their organizations. Likewise, those who are abroad looking for professional development obtain similar results, suggesting that there is a stock of highly qualified professionals that could mean for companies enhanced opportunities for internationalization, and for our country reversing brain drain, which can lead to undercapitalization in the long term. Time improves outcomes in both cases.

Suggested Citation

  • María BASTIDA DOMÍNGUEZ, 2015. "Del Brain Drain Al Brain Gain: Expatriación, Emigración Y Competitividad Empresarial," Revista Galega de Economía, University of Santiago de Compostela. Faculty of Economics and Business., vol. 24(3).
  • Handle: RePEc:sdo:regaec:v:24:y:2015:i:3_4
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