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Кластеры как форма локальных производственных систем. Clusters as a form of Local Production Systems

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  • Бурматова О. П.

    (Новосибирский государственный университет)

Abstract

Проанализированы возможности и ограничения для формирования кластеров в условиях России. Кластеры рассматриваются как одна из форм локальных производственных систем (ЛПС). Дана краткая трактовка ЛПС и выделены их основные признаки. Показаны основные преимущества кластеров как формы организации производства на территории. Охарактеризованы ключевые факторы, за счет которых достигается усиление конкурентоспособности при функционировании кластеров. Дана краткая характеристика кластерной политики в Российской Федерации. Рассмотрены основные направления государственной поддержки формирования кластеров в России, проанализированы возможности и определенные трудности их создания в российских условиях. Показаны отличия подходов к созданию современных российских кластеров от концепции формирования территориально-производственных комплексов (ТПК), получивших широкое развитие в советской экономике. Отмечена преемственность идей ТПК и кластеров. На примере Нижнего Приангарья показаны возможности по отработке подхода к освоению и развитию, основанного на принципах кластерной концепции в сочетании с идеями концепции ТПК и программно-целевого подхода. The paper analyzes the possibilities and limitations for the forming clusters in the conditions of Russia. Clusters are seen as a form of local production systems (LPS). A brief treatment of LPS and their main features are highlighted. Clusters are seen as a form of local production systems A brief treatment of LPS and their main features are highlighted. The basic advantages of clusters as a form of organization of production on the territory are considered. The main factors, by means of which is achieved the strengthening of the competitiveness at the cluster, are describes. Characteristics of cluster policy in the Russian Federation are considered. The main directions of state suppor for the formation of clusters are considered. Differences between of approach to the creation of modern Russian clusters and concept of the formation of territorial-production complexes that have received wide development in the Soviet economy are shown. Continuity of ideas TPK and clusters marked. On the example of the Lower Angara region opportunities to simulate approach to the exploitation and development based on the principles of the cluster concept, combined with the ideas of TPK concept and program-oriented approach are shown.

Suggested Citation

  • Бурматова О. П., 2016. "Кластеры как форма локальных производственных систем. Clusters as a form of Local Production Systems," Мир экономики и управления // Вестник НГУ. Cерия: Cоциально-экономические науки, Socionet;Новосибирский государственный университет, vol. 16(4), pages 93-108.
  • Handle: RePEc:scn:guhrje:2016_4_07
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    Keywords

    локальные производственные системы; кластер; территориально-производственный комплекс; конкурентоспособность региона; кластерная политика; local production systems; cluster; territorial-production complex; regional competitiveness; cluster policy.;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • O18 - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth - - Economic Development - - - Urban, Rural, Regional, and Transportation Analysis; Housing; Infrastructure
    • R11 - Urban, Rural, Regional, Real Estate, and Transportation Economics - - General Regional Economics - - - Regional Economic Activity: Growth, Development, Environmental Issues, and Changes

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