?????????? ?????? ?? ????????? ???????? ???????????: ?????????????, ???????? ? ??????????? // Russia’S Accession To The World Trade Organization: Commitments, Processes, And Prospects

??? ?????????? ?????????? ?????????? ????????????? ???????? ???????, ????????? ? ??????????? ????????????????? ?? ????????? ???????? ??????????? (???) ? ??? ????????? ??? ?????????? ?????????. ??? ????????? ?????? ???????????????????, ??????? ?????? ????? ?? ???? ? ????? ???????, ?????????? ???????? ? ?????????? ? ?????????????????????, ??????? ???????, ??????? ????? ????????? ? ???????????? ? ??????? ????? ?????????? ???? ????????????.??? ??????? ?? ???????? ????????????? ???????? ?????? ????, ?????? ??????? ?????????? ? ??? ??? ?????? ??? ???????????????, ? ?????? ????????? ????????????? ? ???????????? ????????????? ??????????? ?????????????, ??? ??? ??????,??? ? ??? ????????? ?? ???????? ? ?????????? ?????. ????????? ??????????, ??? ????????? ?????? ??????????? ??????????? ????? ????? ??????? (?? ??????? ????, ? ????????? ? ????????????? ???????????), ? ????????????? ? ??????, ? ?????????????????? ??????????? ????? ???????? ?????????????????? ??????? ???? ?? ?????????? ????? (????????, ?????????????). ????????????, ????? ???????????? ????????? ?????? ????? ? ???????? ???????? ?? ???????? ? ????????????????????? ????????????? ?????????, ??????? ? ????????? ?????????? ??? (?? ????, ??????????? ?????????? ? ??? ??????????????? ???????? ??????). Two noted British economists survey a range of issues linked to Russia’s forthcoming accession to the World TradeOrganization (WTO) and its implications for the Russian economy. They describe the far-reaching commitments Russia has undertakenin the realm of tariffs, non-tariff barriers, and openness to inward investment, identifying factors that tend both to support and challengerealization of these commitments. They follow with a brief historical account of the reasons why the accession process for Russia wasso protracted and an assessment of the likely medium- and long-term economic impacts of accession for the country as well as for itsparticular regions and social groups. The arguments suggest that the likely direct impacts of accession will overall be modest (at leastover the near- to medium- term), and focused in spheres in which a foreign presence may enhance the productivity of Russian firms inthe domestic market (e.g., business services). Potentially, more substantial indirect benefits will largely depend on the scale andseriousness of domestic reform policies launched in support of WTO compliance (i.e., effects of accession on Russia’s politicaleconomy).