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Adverse childhood experiences (ACE) and its association with mental health outcomes: Cross sectional study

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Listed:
  • Aziza Alsawafi
  • Akbar Fotouhi
  • Samir AlAdawi
  • Sanjay Jaju
  • Mohammad Al Qadire
  • Zeinab Al Azri

Abstract

Background: Adverse childhood experiences (ACE) are pivotal precursors to poor mental health outcomes. However, studies focusing on the Arab/Islamic population, including Oman, are scarce. This cross-sectional study investigated the association between ACE and mental health outcomes (e.g., depression, anxiety, suicidal ideation) among Omani adults. Methods: A total sample of 1,648 adults were recruited from a university-affiliated hospital in Oman using convenient sampling technique. Adverse Childhood Experience International Questionnaire (ACE-IQ) was utilized to measure ACEs while CDC Health Appraisal Questionnaire (HAQ) was used to measure the mental health outcomes. Results: The results show that 88% of participants suffered at least from one ACE in their childhood. The prevalence of mental health outcomes as follow: anxiety (10.32%), depression (6.10%), and suicidal ideation (4.61%). ACE level significantly correlated with depression ( p  

Suggested Citation

  • Aziza Alsawafi & Akbar Fotouhi & Samir AlAdawi & Sanjay Jaju & Mohammad Al Qadire & Zeinab Al Azri, 2025. "Adverse childhood experiences (ACE) and its association with mental health outcomes: Cross sectional study," International Journal of Social Psychiatry, , vol. 71(4), pages 715-722, June.
    • Handle: RePEc:sae:socpsy:v:71:y:2025:i:4:p:715-722
    DOI: 10.1177/00207640241300950
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Fahad M. Alhowaymel & Karen A. Kalmakis & Lisa M. Chiodo & Nicole M. Kent & Maha Almuneef, 2023. "Adverse Childhood Experiences and Chronic Diseases: Identifying a Cut-Point for ACE Scores," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 20(2), pages 1-9, January.
    2. Shahirose Sadrudin Premji & Sharifa Lalani & Kiran Shaikh & Ayesha Mian & Ntonghanwah Forcheh & Aliyah Dosani & Nicole Letourneau & Ilona S. Yim & Shireen Shehzad Bhamani & MiGHT (Maternal-Infant Glob, 2020. "Comorbid Anxiety and Depression among Pregnant Pakistani Women: Higher Rates, Different Vulnerability Characteristics, and the Role of Perceived Stress," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(19), pages 1-12, October.
    3. Matthew J. Carr & Sarah Steeg & Pearl L. H. Mok & Carsten Bøcker Pedersen & Sussie Antonsen & Nav Kapur & Roger T. Webb, 2020. "Adverse Childhood Experiences and Risk of Subsequently Engaging in Self-Harm and Violence towards Other People—“Dual Harm”," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(24), pages 1-13, December.
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