Evaluation of the Common Needs and Preferences of Different Generations in Mixed-Age Community Public Spaces Based on the IPA-Kano Model

This study adopts an intergenerational perspective, categorizing users of community public spaces into three distinct age groups—children, young and middle-aged adults, and the elderly—to construct a needs-oriented evaluation framework. Utilizing the IPA-Kano model, we conducted a comparative analysis, integrating satisfaction levels to identify and rank factors requiring enhancement as perceived by each age group within various communities. Key findings highlight common priorities across age groups, including systematic trash bin placement, enhancement of barrier-free facilities, improvement of night lighting, and the installation of security monitoring facilities. Infrastructure and amenities analysis revealed needs for improved water feature landscapes and recreation facilities, with a particular interest from children, and the provision of more fitness facilities to cater to a broad range of users. Recommendations include systematic waste management, inclusive design for accessibility, enhanced lighting and surveillance, maintenance of water features, increased seating, and prioritization of adult fitness facilities. Emphasis is also placed on community cultural activities for the elderly to foster a sense of community and support sustainable development. The study’s findings and recommendations aim to address the diverse needs of different age groups within communities, promoting a more inclusive, safe, and enjoyable living environment for all residents.