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The Geography of Ethnocentrism

Author

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  • Andrew W. Bausch

    (Department of Social and Decision Sciences, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, USA)

Abstract

Hammond and Axelrod use an evolutionary agent-based model to explore the development of ethnocentrism. They argue that local interactions permit groups, relying on in-group favoritism, to overcome the Nash equilibrium of the prisoner’s dilemma and sustain in-group cooperation. This article shows that higher levels of cooperation evolve when groups are dropped from the model, breaking the link between ethnocentrism and cooperation. This article then generalizes Hammond and Axelrod’s model by parameterizing the underlying geographical assumptions they make about the evolutionary environment. This more general model shows that their findings are sensitive to these assumptions and that small changes to the assumed geography of reproduction significantly affect the probabilities of finding “ethnocentric†behaviors. The model presented here indicates that it is not local interactions, per se, but settings where interactions are highly likely to be with close relatives that lead to “ethnocentrism†as modeled by Hammond and Axelrod.

Suggested Citation

  • Andrew W. Bausch, 2015. "The Geography of Ethnocentrism," Journal of Conflict Resolution, Peace Science Society (International), vol. 59(3), pages 510-527, April.
    • Handle: RePEc:sae:jocore:v:59:y:2015:i:3:p:510-527
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    Cited by:

    1. Matus Halas, 2018. "Balancing Against Threats In Interactions Determined By Distance And Overall Gains," Advances in Complex Systems (ACS), World Scientific Publishing Co. Pte. Ltd., vol. 21(05), pages 1-22, August.
    2. Peter Revay & Claudio Cioffi-Revilla, 2018. "Survey of evolutionary computation methods in social agent-based modeling studies," Journal of Computational Social Science, Springer, vol. 1(1), pages 115-146, January.

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