Autonomy within limits: Post-growth and social imaginaries of work, education and democracy

Autonomy is central to thinking about democracy and human needs, but the question of how autonomy relates to growth is ambivalent. Is growth necessary to achieve a basic level of autonomy, or is autonomy, in fact, a pre-requisite for post-growth? In this study, we examine this question by focusing on how critical autonomy relates to growth within the domains of democracy, education, and work. Critical autonomy is complex, but in its most fundamental form, it is about making informed choices, which, in turn, are transformed by our social imaginaries. By using the concepts of critical autonomy and social imaginaries, our analysis suggests that (i) greater elements of direct democracy and participation, (ii) a more holistic education that integrates play with life-long learning and (iii) changes in the perception of work, along with increased workplace influence, would provide conditions for autonomy without requiring growth or contributing to it. We conclude our analysis by highlighting how social imaginaries and policy changes in the three domains – democracy, education and work – could be developed to realize critical autonomy in a post-growth society.