Implementation of digital technologies in the management of operational activities of state and municipal enterprises: challenges and prospects[Внедрение Цифровых Технологий В Управление Операционной Деятельностью Государственных И Муниципальных Предприятий: Вызовы И Перспективы]

Introduction. The digital transformation of public administration in Russia is a multidimensional process characterized by the transition from the e-government model to the concept of "the state as a platform". Despite significant investments and strategic initiatives under the national Digital Economy program, significant challenges remain, including regulatory constraints, insufficient interoperability of information systems, and a shortage of digital competencies among government employees. Purpose. A comprehensive analysis of the processes of digital transformation of public administration in Russia. Methods. A systematic approach to the analysis of the processes of digital transformation of public administration, combining institutional, technological and organizational aspects of the implementation of the national program "Digital Economy of the Russian Federation". The study is based on the concept of levels of digital maturity and the theory of transition from e-government to "smart government". Results. Key trends in the digitalization of public administration have been identified, including the formation of a National Data Management System, the introduction of platform solutions, and the development of superservices. Five levels of digital maturity of public administration have been identified, from basic informatization to a full-fledged "smart government". It has been established that the effectiveness of digital transformation is determined not only by technological innovations, but also by institutional changes, including the improvement of the regulatory framework and the development of digital competencies. Recommendations have been developed to improve the mechanisms of digitalization of state and municipal services, including the introduction of a balanced scorecard to assess the effectiveness of digital transformation, a phased strategy for the introduction of digital tools and the creation of a unified digital ecosystem of public administration. Conclusions. Successful digital transformation of public administration requires an integrated approach that takes into account technological, organizational, legal and socio-cultural aspects. The key success factors are the consistency of the legislative framework with the pace of technological development, the integration of information systems of various departments and levels of government, the development of digital competencies of civil servants, ensuring information security and the formation of a culture of using data in making managerial decisions. The transition to the "state as a platform" model will make it possible to overcome interdepartmental disunity and create an integrated system of digital services that improves the quality of public administration and citizens' satisfaction with public services.