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La politique sociale de Turgot : entre libéralisme et interventionnisme

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  • Clément, Alain

    (Université de Tours et Triangle et U.M.R. du C.N.R.S. 5206 (LYON-2/ENS))

Abstract

Breaking with charity toward the poor, Turgot during the second part of the XVIIIth century, makes a new social policy, very modern, by its content, its methods, and by the underlying economic analysis. He explains poverty by economic reasons and not just by individual behaviour. He thinks that the right to work is the single solution. Closing the “dépôt de mendicité” and opening the “ateliers de charité” are the main features of this change. Rompant avec la politique charitable à l’égard des pauvres, Turgot innove au cours de la deuxième moitié du XVIIIe siècle par la mise en place d’une politique sociale moderne, à la fois par son contenu, par ses méthodes et par les analyses économiques sous-jacentes. En expliquant la pauvreté par des causes économiques (baisse du pouvoir d’achat, chômage) et non par le seul comportement individuel, Turgot admet que le droit au travail pour tous est la seule réponse possible. La fermeture progressive des dépôts de mendicité et l’ouverture des ateliers de charité sont les éléments significatifs de ce changement.

Suggested Citation

  • Clément, Alain, 2005. "La politique sociale de Turgot : entre libéralisme et interventionnisme," L'Actualité Economique, Société Canadienne de Science Economique, vol. 81(4), pages 725-745, décembre.
  • Handle: RePEc:ris:actuec:v:81:y:2005:i:4:p:725-745
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