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Les institutions de marché en Afrique subsaharienne

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  • Fafchamps, Marcel

    (Département d’Économie)

Abstract

Based on my May 2005 presentation to the Société canadienne de science économique, this article summarizes the content of my book devoted to market institutions in sub-Saharan Africa. Organized around the ideas of trust and information sharing, the article discusses concepts and empirical findings pertaining to the enforcement of contracts in Africa. I argue that the fear of losing valuable relationships is the dominant enforcement mechanism in markets for manufactures and agricultural products. Contrary to much of the theoretical emphasis on reputational contracting, coordinated collective exclusion of cheaters is unknown. But decentralized exclusion can arise if breach of contract is interpreted as a signal of impending bankruptcy. I discuss the circulation of information about type and behavior, which is fraught with incentive problems, and the role of networks in shaping market interaction. Basé sur ma présentation de mai 2005 a la Société canadienne de science économique, cet article résume le contenu de mon livre dédié aux institutions de marché en Afrique subsaharienne. Organisé autour des idées de confiance et de partage de l’information, l’article présente une série de concepts et de résultats empiriques relatifs au respect des contrats en Afrique. J’argue du fait que la peur de perdre une relation d’affaires précieuse est le mécanisme dominant de respect des contrats pour les biens agricoles et manufacturés. Contrairement a l’accent mis d’ordinaire par la littérature théorique sur les contrats relationnels, je trouve que l’exclusion collective et coordonnée des tricheurs est inconnue en Afrique. Mais l’exclusion décentralisée peut se produire si le non-respect d’un contrat est interprété comme signal d’une faillite imminente. Je discute également de la circulation de l’information sur le type et le comportement des agents économiques, qui regorge de problèmes incitatifs, ainsi que le rôle des réseaux dans la forme que prennent les interactions de marché

Suggested Citation

  • Fafchamps, Marcel, 2005. "Les institutions de marché en Afrique subsaharienne," L'Actualité Economique, Société Canadienne de Science Economique, vol. 81(4), pages 595-616, décembre.
  • Handle: RePEc:ris:actuec:v:81:y:2005:i:4:p:595-616
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    Cited by:

    1. Juan M. Gallego & Mariapia Mendola, 2013. "Labour Migration and Social Networks Participation in Southern Mozambique," Economica, London School of Economics and Political Science, vol. 80(320), pages 721-759, October.

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