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L’industrie québécoise du transport par autocar : réglementation, pratiques et performance

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  • Boucher, Michel

    (École nationale d’administration publique)

Abstract

This paper analyzes the overall economic performance of the Québec intercity bus industry which continues to be regulated by the Québec Transport Commission. Intermodal competition for passengers, combined with an increase in consumer income, has led to a slow and progressive abandonment of this form of intercity transportation. The main elements of the regulatory regime are first presented with an emphasis on the role played by the Québec Transport Commission. The consequences of regulation on the performance of the industry are then discussed. These include: the barriers to entry, the fare structure which is now filed in with the regulatory board, the rate of return on owner equity, the industrial structure and the economic performance itself. Finally, the last section deals with the future of this industry, by drawing comparisons with foreign firms and their adjustment to similar changes in the last decade. Cette recherche analyse la performance de l’industrie québécoise du transport par autocar. Cette dernière demeure encore soumise à une réglementation économique. Elle est aussi confrontée à une concurrence intermodale qui, conjuguée à un accroissement de revenu des consommateurs, entraîne un abandon lent, mais graduel, de ce mode de transport interurbain. La première partie porte sur le rôle que joue la Commission des transports du Québec dans l’attribution des permis et dans la détermination des tarifs de l’industrie. La deuxième section est consacrée aux conséquences de la réglementation sur le comportement de l’industrie. Après avoir discuté de la demande de transport interurbain par autocar, nous y examinons successivement les éléments de la structure de marché que sont les barrières à l’entrée et la structure industrielle ou le nombre de firmes. Vient ensuite l’analyse du comportement de l’industrie sur le plan des tarifs (auparavant fixés par la Commission, maintenant simplement déposés à la régie publique) et quant au taux de rendement sur l’avoir des actionnaires. Une évaluation de la performance générale de l’industrie complète enfin l’analyse. La troisième section traite de l’évolution future de cette industrie en s’inspirant des expériences étrangères en matière d’ajustements consécutifs à une déréglementation.

Suggested Citation

  • Boucher, Michel, 1993. "L’industrie québécoise du transport par autocar : réglementation, pratiques et performance," L'Actualité Economique, Société Canadienne de Science Economique, vol. 69(4), pages 271-312, décembre.
  • Handle: RePEc:ris:actuec:v:69:y:1993:i:4:p:271-312
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