Community-based tourism development in Baluran National Park as a sustainable tourism destination

Baluran National Park is a conservation area that plays a significant role as a contributor to the country’s foreign exchange earnings from the tourism sector, attracting a large number of visitors. However, a major issue is that many residents of the buffer zone villages directly bordering the eastern and western edges of the park still face economic constraints. In line with this, there is a need to develop tourist attractions to continue increasing tourist visits and to have a greater impact on the local economy. This study aims to formulate a strategy for developing tourist attractions in Baluran National Park. The research methods used in this study are qualitative and quantitative approaches with a descriptive approach. Data collection techniques in this study were conducted through direct observation to assess the potential of natural resources and existing supporting facilities around the tourist sites. In-depth interviews were conducted by directly interviewing the Head of the Tourism Division of Baluran National Park, as well as the Chairperson and members of the Community Groups. A questionnaire survey was conducted by distributing questionnaires to visitors of Baluran National Park. Documentary research in this study was conducted by collecting written data related to the study, specifically regarding visitor numbers, data on empowered community groups, and development plans for Baluran National Park’s tourist attractions. The results of the study yielded two strategic recommendations for community-based tourism attraction development in Baluran National Park: educational tourism and local cultural tourism. Educational tourism can be developed in line with conservation programs to maintain the sustainability of the area’s natural resources. Furthermore, cultural development programs can utilize events through partnerships with park management to introduce local culture.