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La flexibilité du travail en République fédérale d'Allemagne

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  • Renate H. Draus

Abstract

[fre] L'emploi précaire a en Allemagne fédérale une importance double comparée à la France sous forme de contrats à durée déterminée ou de contrats de formation professionnelle. Par contre le travail intérimaire y est moins répandu. Le monde des exclus du travail, c'est-à-dire les chômeurs de plus de deux ans, est environ un tiers de ce qu'il est en France. En dépit d'une protection légale forte contre les licenciements, les changements d'emploi sont plus fréquents qu'en France. La mobilité géographique des travailleurs, qui avait été très grande dans les années cinquante et soixante, est en baisse.. L'aménagement du temps de travail s'est développé. Le travail à temps partiel a augmenté. La réduction de la durée du travail, qui a commencé en 1984, fait qu'actuellement l'Allemagne est, de tous les pays industriels, celui où le temps annuel est le plus court. L'individualisation des salaires demeure rare et il n'existe aucune obligation légale ni incitation fiscale pour que les entreprises instituent des systèmes d'intéressement. [eng] In West Germany temporary employment, in the form of contracts of fixed duration or for training purposes, is twice as important as in France. On the other hand short-term contracts in the form of temporary work are less widespread. Gërman long-term unemployment (which includes people unemployed for more than two years) is one third of the French rate. Moreover, despite strong légal protections against layoffs, employment turnover is higher than in France. Geographical mobility of workers, which was very high in the fifties and sixties, is now decreasing.. Flexibility of working-time and part-time work hâve increased. Wor-king time réduction started in 1984 in West Germany is now the country with the shortest annual working time in the industrialized world. Wages are generally not based on individual performance ; moreover neither légal obligations nor fiscal incentives encourage firms to adopt profit-sharing schemes.

Suggested Citation

  • Renate H. Draus, 1989. "La flexibilité du travail en République fédérale d'Allemagne," Revue de l'OFCE, Programme National Persée, vol. 27(1), pages 119-131.
  • Handle: RePEc:prs:rvofce:ofce_0751-6614_1989_num_27_1_1175
    DOI: 10.3406/ofce.1989.1175
    Note: DOI:10.3406/ofce.1989.1175
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